Tuesday, November 12, 2019

SETI Reset—Part 1


I have been taking an online course on astrobiology from the University of Arizona—where robust astronomical research has been the norm. I have taken a couple of previous courses from the university's astronomy team and appreciate their teaching abilities. This course blends their preeminence in astronomy with some of the latest discoveries of thousands of Earth-like planets around other stars and the potential for these planets to harbor life in some form; maybe similar to Earth.

Here is a question that has repeatedly arisen in the human mind: Is planet Earth alone in the universe at harboring life, or might there be other life-sustaining worlds? Is life common, rare, or nonexistent elsewhere in this cosmos? Does intelligent life exist out there—say, critters as smart as we think we are?

We are getting closer and closer to finding answers to these questions. As I have posted here several times, our search is being aided and abetted by the recent discovery of thousands of planets circling local stars. Without planets, you can't have life elsewhere.

A consistent search process for extraterrestrial life was begun a few decades ago—dubbed SETI—the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. Its premise is that intelligent civilizations “out there” would have reached a technological capability at some point—as we have—and would have transmitted electromagnetic signals (EM) into space; signals that could eventually arrive at Earth. If so, might we receive them and verify that we're not alone? After all, we've been inadvertently transmitting EM signals from our planet for decades. Old TV episodes of “I Love Lucy” are currently flying through interstellar space, just waiting to be captured by some alien technology; maybe to the amusement of otherworldly beings.

So SETI was established decades ago—having been designed to receive some of those alien civilizations' equivalent TV programs, or, hopefully (and more likely) signals consciously sent out to inform beings like us that we're not alone. Yet my online course professor made the point that, although we're searching for outer space life, SETI is not really designed to locate outer-space intelligent life, but to discover extraterrestrial technology that is similar to ours.

We haven’t yet detected a signal, let alone determined the presence of either intelligence or the existence of life elsewhere. At best we currently can register the presence of EM signals that would indicate some sort of advanced technological civilization. One issue in our search for ET that possibly is being dealt with inappropriately is, Would intelligence “out there” display itself anything like what on Earth has evolved?

Furthermore, there is another key question that was posed many decades ago, by a prominent physicist/astronomer: If there are other advanced civilizations in outer space, where are they? Why haven't we already heard from them? This is a troubling question for many cosmologists. Again, we're not yet able to determine if there is or is not intelligence out there—we're asking if they have evolved technologies like ours, and, if so, where are the signals?

I can imagine several reasons why we've yet to capture a signal that we can confidently say came from outer space (and maybe never will): (1) The distances are simply too vast; signals from even the closest stars take many years to reach us; so, were we to detect a more distant signal, it may have been transmitted thousands of years ago. Any signal we might receive could be from a distant past, from a civilization that is no longer even existing. Where might our technology be, in another thousand years? Would our current primitive way of interstellar communication even be useful then? 

Other possibilities next time…

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